On this day

April 12, 1955

Revisit the news, notable people, and historical moments connected to this date.

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Headlines from April 12, 1955

U. N. ACTION ASKED; Use of Force to Save Tiny Isles Opposed as Disastrous Step STEVENSON URGES UNITY ON FORMOSA

By Richard J. H. Johnstonspecial To the New York Times

Stevenson urges US and Allies condemn use of force and pledge united defense of Formosa pending settlement of its status, radio s; questions wisdom of defending Quemoy and Matsu where US would probably stand alone and risk war; says s was prompted by concern over events and pressure to voice views; urges USSR be called on to declare position on settling crisis; urges UN act to condemn use of force and weigh settlement of Formosa status; queries if offshore islands are essential to US security, Formosa defense and defensible without use of atomic weapons; warns 'wholly satisfactory' solution may not be found; charges Adm with 'policy of extravagant words' that alarms friends more than it deters aggressors

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HIGH COURT HEARS DEBATE ON ENDING SEGREGATION NOW; Lawyers for Negro Parents Urge Issuance of Orders to Ban School Bias at Once THEIR VIEWS DISPUTED Attorneys for the District of Columbia and Kansas Fight Decrees in Their Cases HIGH COURT HEARS PUPIL BIAS DEBATE

By Luther A. Hustonspecial To the New York Times

Sup Ct hears oral arguments on 5 original suits to determine decrees it should formulate to effectuate May '54 ban on ps segregation; Atty Gen Fatzer sees no decree needed for Kan because segregated schools are in effect abolished; DC takes same stand; Atty Gen Craven says Del case should be remanded to local cts with orders that authorities submit and supervise plans for integration; plaintiffs, urging segregation be ended at once, see aspects in Kan and DC plans that could perpetuate segregation; L E Redding urges immediate desegregation for Del; G E C Hayes sees no factors in DC situation justifying delaying integration; fears provision in Educ Bd plan giving pupils option of remaining in schools they have been attending until grad may be device to continue segregation; J M Nabrit, while lauding DC plan, has misgivings about provision; Corp Counsel Korman calls case for DC moot; Chief Justice Warren asks him, other attys to prepare proposed decrees for Ct

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Notable Births

Fabian Hamilton

1955Fabian Hamilton, English graphic designer, engineer, and politician[†]

Fabian Uziell-Hamilton is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Leeds North East since 1997. He served as Shadow Minister for Peace and Disarmament from November 2016 to September 2023.

Historical Events

Polio vaccine

1955The polio vaccine, developed by Dr. Jonas Salk, is declared safe and effective.[†]

Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used: an inactivated poliovirus given by injection (IPV) and a weakened poliovirus given by mouth (OPV). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends all children be fully vaccinated against polio. The two vaccines have eliminated polio from most of the world, and reduced the number of cases reported each year from an estimated 350,000 in 1988 to 33 in 2018.

Historical Context for April 12, 1955

In 1955, the world population was approximately 2,740,213,792 people[†]