On this day
Revisit the news, notable people, and historical moments connected to this date.
In 1973, the world population was approximately 3,920,805,042 people[†]
1973Juliette Lewis, American actress and singer-songwriter[†]
Juliette Lake Lewis is an American actress, singer and musician. She is known for her portrayals of offbeat characters, often in films with dark plots, themes and settings. Lewis gained prominence in American cinema during the early 1990s, appearing in various independent and arthouse films. Lewis's accolades include nominations for an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award and two Primetime Emmy Awards.
1973John Mitchell, English guitarist, vocalist and songwriter[†]
John Mitchell is an Irish musician and record producer. He primarily plays guitar and has been a member of the bands It Bites, Arena, Frost*, Kino, A, The Urbane, and Asia, as well as pursuing a solo career with the Lonely Robot project.
1973The Primer Congreso del Hombre Andino is inaugurated in Arica, Chile.[†]
Primer Congreso del Hombre Andino was an academic conference in northern Chile organized by the northern branch of the University of Chile in June 1973. Its subject was the Indigenous societies of the Andean world, be these modern, historical or archaeological. The conference was an important milestone in the development of Andean studies including Andean archaeology and for Chile it marked the maturation of academic studies carried out by scholars based in its northern cities.
1973In its decision in Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller test for determining whether something is obscene and not protected speech under the U.S. constitution.[†]
Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court clarifying the legal definition of obscenity as material that lacks "serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value". The ruling was the origin of the three-part judicial test for determining obscene media content that can be banned by government authorities, which is now known as the Miller test.
Gov Rockefeller, in major reversal, orders end to all plans for LI Sound bridge project; seeks to avoid total concession by announcing that he will revive his proposal, defeated by voters in '71, for billion-dollar bond issue for mass transit construction and hwy projects which do not involve 'ecological problems'; '71 referendum for $2.5-billion in mass transit and hwy funds was defeated by vote of 2.4 million to 1.5 million
USSR and US Export-Import Bank are reptd close to final agreement on June 20 on extension of $180-million in credits to help finance construction of Soviet-Amer fertilizer complex in USSR that could lead to as much as $8-billion in trade over 20 yrs; Govt backed loan would represent 45% of total capital outlay, while private Amer banks would provide another 45% and Soviet Foreign Trade bank would provide remaining 10%; Export-Import Bank credit would spur construction of fertilizer complex, to be built by Soviet Govt and Occidental Petroleum Corp; credit has been under negotiation for several wks by Soviet Deputy Foreign Trade Min V S Alkhimov with bank officials
SEC atty T Levine, at Fed Dist Ct, Washington, dosed hearing on June 15,says M Laird, as Sec of Defense, asked aides to seek information about SEC's investigation of Fla East Coast Ry as favor to rr's chmn, E Ball; investigation led to Jan, '73, charges that rr, Ball and others were guilty of fraud and other violations of securities laws; comm seeks ct order to compel Ball to answer questions about his purpose in utilizing high Defense Dept officials to obtain information about probe; in transcript of hearing, made public on June 20, Levine tells ct that Pentagon aides made 2 calls about probe to SEC staff at Laird's request; Laird says inquiries were 'routine' reaction to Ball's complaint about probe; SEC case against Ball and others alleges fraud and misrepresentation in rr's plan to issue common stock in swap for outstanding bonds that had been quietly bought up by officers and trustees of line on basis of inside information; testimony detailed; Laird illus
Repr Rogers on June 20 says HEW Dept has taken steps to nullify provisions of important health bill before Pres Nixon signed it this wk; says dept moved to require many programs covered by bill to become financially self-sufficient; requirement would kill programs that are inherently incapable of becoming self-sufficient; bill in question extends for 1 yr several major health programs that Adm has repeatedly sought to kill; programs include Fed support for migrant workers' health services, community mental health centers, regional med programs and Hill-Burton program for hosp construction and modernization, although that program is apparently not involved in issue; says proposed regulations would seem to 'doom all migrant health programs, all neighborhood health centers, all family health centers and about 1/2 of community mental health centers; Rogers, in memorandum to HR Subcom on Public Health and Environment, of which he is chmn, says effect would be to seriously retard all health programs subcom that began in '60s; in lr to HEW Dept Sec Weinberger, Rogers says he believes regulations are illegal unless it can be shown that cong intended each of programs to become self-sufficient; asks Weinberger to delay implementing regulations for 120 days and to supply by July 2 evidence that it was intent of Cong to have all programs become self-sustaining; says he does not believe Cong had such intent, news conf
Japan's Sumitomo Group announces on June 26 that it has given $2-million to Yale Univ and $1-million to Japan Society of NYC to promote Japanese-Amer cultural understandings; corp's gift to Yale is largest ever received by univ from benefactor outside US; Sumitomo Metals Co pres H Hyuga and Sumitomo Bank retired pres K Asai comment; por of Koji Asai
returns to Argentina on June 20
W Ger, in initialing on June 20 a treaty with Czech and in putting into effect its basic treaty with E Ger, passes milestone in its policy of establishing relations with Communist E Eur states
article on Brezhnev's ebullient manner in US, contrasting with his more formal manner during most of Nixon's visit to Moscow and with Khrushchev's manner during his '59 visit to US; Brezhnev illus with Nixon at Camp David; Brezhnev is wearing jacket given him by Nixon
Pres Nixon's re-election com found guilty and fined the maximum $3000 on June 20 for concealing $200,000 cash contribution from financier R L Vesco in violation of Fed Election Campaign Act of 1971; com had argued that contribution was committed in spoken promise by Vesco to M H Stans before new law took effect, and said Vesco gift fell into 'misty area' between old and new laws; Judge G L Hart rules that actual delivery, 3 days after law took effect, constitutes reptable contribution under new law, comments that he has 'difficulty finding any doubt to shroud this in'; $200,000 contribution at issue in case has also led to indictment in NY of Vesco, former Atty Gen Mitchell, former Commerce Sec Stans and NJ Repub H L Sears on charges of conspiracy and obstruction of justice; details of that indictment
White House acct of Pres Nixon's conversations with ex-White House counsel J W Dean 3d charges that Dean, despite constant pressure from Pros, withheld from Nixon all information about White House involvement in Watergate burglary and cover-up until Mar 21; summary prepared by attys on Sen Watergate com of their interrogation of Dean on June 16 contains material bearing on Dean's assertion that Nixon knew about cover-up plot as far back as Sept; much of evidence against Nixon that Dean gave com staff is hearsay, according to summary, but Dean told of some direct conversations with Nixon in which aspects of cover-up were discussed; Dean's account refers to request to meet with Nixon Mar 21 'to tell the Pres all he knew' about Watergate, but com's summary does not indicate whether Dean did so; new allegations charge former White House counsel C W Colson and former White House aide J D Ehrlichman with seeking permission from Nixon to promise exec clemency to Watergate conspirator E H Hunt Jr; Dean says he 'heard this' from Colson and later this spring had 'discussion with the Pres' about clemency offer; that Dean was instructed by Ehrlichman and former White House chief of staff H R Haldeman to enlist aid of CIA Deputy Dir Walters in covering up Watergate conspiracy; Dean's acct is that White House aides said that Walters 'owed his allegiance to the White House' but that CIA official had declined to help; White House acct, prepared by special counsel to Pres J F Buzhardt Jr, contains White House's version of substance of 18 meetings this yr between Pres and Dean; Dean and White House have agreed that there were more than 35 discussions between Nixon and Dean between late Jan and Apr '73, some face-to-face, some by telephone; acct says that from Mar 1 to Mar 23 Nixon and Dean met about Watergate affair almost daily; says that Dean, in response to Nixon's questions, repeated often that there was no White House involvment in burglary or cover-up; says that Nixon was told by Dean on Mar 13 that G Strachan, then top asst to Haldeman, 'could be involved'; says it was not until Mar 21 that Dean told Nixon that J S Magruder, J N Mitchell and Strachan probably knew, that Haldeman had possibly seen fruits of wiretaps through Strachan and that Ehrlichman was vulnerable because of his approval of Kalmbach's fund-raising efforts; summary presents vivid picture of widespread attempts within upper reaches of White House and Repub Re-Election com to cover up magnitude of Waterate case; Dean accuses Haldeman of having ordered destruction of information obtained from Watergate wiretap, of having joined in planning efforts to obtain White House influence over Repub members of Sen investigating com members and of attempting to persuade ex-Atty Gen Mitchell to 'take the heat' off other officials by assuming blame for Watergate break-in; Dean says, in summary, that Ehrlichman had instructed him to throw wiretapping equipment 'in (the) river' after material was discovered in Hunt's White House safe; summary alleges that Dem ex-Chmn O'Brien was probed by White House as early as '70 and that Nixon special counsel R A Moore tried unsuccessfully in Feb to persuade Mitchell to raise funds for Watergate defendants; Dean illus
Special Watergate prosecutor A Cox is considering grand jury investigation to determine whether Pres Nixon's reelection orgn used extortion and other illegal forms of fundraising while collecting over $50-million in campaign contributions, according to sources close to case; sources say T F McBride, special asst to Cox, is expanding his staff to conduct long inquiry into fund-raising practices of H W Kalmbach and M H Stans; say McBride has accumulated allegations indicating Repub officials drew up list of corps and individuals 'who had problems with Govt' and solicited funds in late '71 and early '72 on that basis; copy of Repub rept provided to NY Times by another source shows contribution quotas were set for large corps; rept alludes to 'our goal of $30,000 per corp'; sources say an alternative to convening special grand jury as authorized in 1970 Safe Streets and Crime Control Act would be to convene another 23-member grand jury in Washington, DC, or to require current grand jury now hearing testimony about Watergate cover-up also begin handling fund-raising material; source close to McBride investigation says some large Repub contributors had complained privately about trying to contribute in checks and 'being told to go back and get cash'; says McBride inquiry will embrace all possible criminal violations in connection with handling of campaign funds, including violation of income tax laws
1st truck convoy in 18 days arrives in Phnom Penh on June 20 without incident with reopening of Route 4 from Cambodia's seaport, Kampong Som, to Phnom Penh; Route 4 had been closed for more than 2 wks by Communist offensive against road directed mainly at vicinity of Ang Snuol, 16 miles west of capital; during Communist offensive there has been heavy fighting on and around hwy, with extremely heavy Amer air support; Govt troops on June 20 occupy pagoda few hundred yards south of largely demolished town of Ang Snoul, which had been major Communist strongpoint; troops met no resistance at pagoda; Govt forces were also fighting to reopen Route 5 to province of Battambang in western Cambodia, and to remove new Communist blocks on Route 7 northeast of Phnom Penh; Battambang road was open last wk after period of mos during which Communist forces destroyed number of bridges and other links; map