On this day
Revisit the news, notable people, and historical moments connected to this date.
In 1975, the world population was approximately 4,070,735,277 people[†]
1975Andre Adams, New Zealand cricketer[†]
Andre Ryan Adams is a New Zealand cricket coach and former cricketer of Caribbean descent. He played international cricket for New Zealand and is noted for playing in New Zealand's first T20I against Australia in 2005 where he was awarded cap number 1.
1975Elena Anaya, Spanish actress[†]
Elena Anaya Gutiérrez is a Spanish actress.
1975Darude, Finnish DJ and producer[†]
Toni-Ville Henrik Virtanen, better known by his stage name Darude, is a Finnish DJ and record producer from Eura, Satakunta. His music is characterised by its progressive/uplifting style. He started making music in 1995 and released the platinum-selling hit single "Sandstorm" in late 1999. His debut studio album, Before the Storm, was released on 18 September 2000, and sold 800,000 copies worldwide, earning Darude three Finnish Grammy Awards. It peaked at number one on Finland's Official List and number 6 on the Billboard Dance/Electronic Albums chart in the United States. Darude's second studio album, Rush, reached number 11 on the Billboard dance chart in 2003 and number 4 on weekly album chart in Finland.
1975Loretta Harrop, Australian triathlete[†]
Loretta "Loz" Harrop is an Australian triathlete.
1975Konnie Huq, English television presenter[†]
Konnie Huq is a British television and radio presenter, screenwriter and children's author. She became the longest-serving female presenter of the British children's television programme Blue Peter, presenting it from 1997 to 2008. She has been a presenter and guest of shows including the 2010 series of The Xtra Factor on ITV2.
1975Terence Tao, Australian-American mathematician[†]
Terence Chi-Shen Tao is an Australian-American mathematician, Fields medalist, and professor of mathematics at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he holds the James and Carol Collins Chair in the College of Letters and Sciences. His research includes topics in harmonic analysis, partial differential equations, algebraic combinatorics, arithmetic combinatorics, geometric combinatorics, probability theory, compressed sensing and analytic number theory.
1975Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian author (born 1893)[†]
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was a Georgian writer and public figure. Educated and first published in Germany, he married Western European influences to purely Georgian thematic to produce his best works, such as The Right Hand of the Grand Master and David the Builder. Hostile to the Soviet rule, he was, nevertheless, one of the few leading Georgian writers to have survived the Stalin-era repressions, despite exile to a White Sea island and several arrests. His works are noted for their character portrayals of great psychological insight. Another major feature of Gamsakhurdia's writings is a new subtlety he infused into Georgian diction, imitating an archaic language to create a sense of classicism.
1975Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.[†]
Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions of people around the world watched on television as an American Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soviet Soyuz capsule. The project, and its "handshake" in space, was a symbol of détente between the two superpowers amid the Cold War.
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USSR has agreed to buy 2-million metric tons of wheat from Cook Industries Inc and 1.2-million tons from Cargill Inc; value of US sales is not immediately available but deals would be worth about $470-million on basis of current prices of wheat; Cook chmn Edward W Cook, who negotiated sale, says that transaction personally was reptd to US Agr Dept and Sen Permanent Investigations Subcom; Cargill public relations dir Roy Wallace says that sale was made through Tradex of Geneva, subsidiary; Deputy Asst Agr Sec Richard E Bell says that several other cos still are involved in negotiations with USSR; dept notes that '75 wheat crop now is estimated at 59.5-million metric tons; Agr Sec Earl L Butz, testifying before Sen Agr Com, said that total sales to USSR of 10-million tons would have minimal impact on price of bread and other foods; White House press sec Ron Nessen says that Pres Ford is aware of sales and sees no reason to be concerned about econ effects (L)
Natl Energy Bd repts outlook for increased gas production has been dimmed by disappointments in expected rate of new discoveries of fuel, poor prospects for early deliveries of new reserves already found in remote places, lowering of production in major gas-producing province of BC and increase in domestic needs (S)
Mayor Beame, in reversal of one of NYC's bookkeeping 'gimmicks,' announces that long-delayed raises for 23,000 policemen will be paid with $31-million from fiscal '75 expense budget rather than with borrowings from current (fiscal '76) capital budget; Controller Goldin asserts he is 'delighted' (S)
Sec Kissinger, commenting on calls for Israel's expulsion from UN and from Gen Assembly, says such moves will be fought by US, news conf, Milwaukee (S)
Portuguese mil rulers dissolve coalition Govt, July 17, hrs after withdrawal of centrist Popular Dem party, 2d of nation's 2 moderate parties; centrists' withdrawal from Govt follows by less than wk, Socialist party's exit; 2 mins leaving Govt are Joaquim Magalhaes Mota, Min Without Portfolio, and Jorge Sa Borges, Social Affairs Min; Sa Borges had hesitated about joining Socialists in opposition to mil because he feared such a move could foster civil war; after meeting with Pres Francisco da Costa Gomes, centrist party natl com decided that its demands for guarantees on free press and on representative democracy had been rejected; armed forces' leaders are now expected to form mil Cabinet with civilian technicians; dissolution of Govt is not surprising; withdrawal of popular Dems signifies widening of breach between armed forces and exponents of parliamentary democracy; incidents leading to Govt's collapse revd; includes seizures by Communist party and far-left groups of Socialist party newspaper Republica; far-left groups demonstrate to demand constituent Assembly's dissolution and application of armed forces' new pol plan; thousands of Socialists also demonstrate, shouting 'people are not with armed forces'; ruling High Council of Revolution is expected to convene to decide fate of Premier Vasco dos Santos Goncalves (L)
Mayor Beame, under pressure from Estimate Bd, says he would consider imposing freeze on munic wage increases as step toward restoring confidence of investors who had refused to lend NYC any more money; word that Beame had agreed to possible freeze comes after repts that Munic Assistance Corp was heading toward failure to sell its own bonds; Estimate Bd members reptdly charge that Beame and Controller Goldin have not been keeping others abreast of city's deteriorating fiscal position (L)
illus of warrior figures, 1 of about 6,000 life-sized pottery figures of warriors and horses, found near Sian, China; statues are believed to memorialize Chin Shin Huang, founding emperor of Chin dynasty (221-207 BC), and are said to constitute 1 of rarest finds anywhere in world (S)
Esso Italiana made payments to Italian pol parties in order to get specific legis benefits from Italian Govt, according to '72 rept by Exxon auditors discussed at July 16 hearing of Sen Foreign Relations subcom on multinatl corps; objectives included permission to use interest-free for 3 mos excise taxes on gasoline sales in Italy, reimbursement for transport charges incurred by oil cos when Suez Canal was closed, tax legis and Govt decision to use oil rather than nuclear fuel for elec generating plants; payments were disguised as vouchers for goods that were never bought in order to allow co to deduct them from Italian income tax; subcom chmn Sen Frank Church accuses co of practicing fraud against Italian Govt; co denies charge and reiternates its Italian managing dir Vincenzo Cazzaniga assured it that all payments were legal; controller Archie L Monroe acknowledges that co's dirs were not told of pol payments; payments to Communist party, which co concedes may never have reached party, were made through Editrice Rinnovamento, co that publishes L'Ora of Palermo and Paese Sera of Rome, 2 dailies sympathetic to Communist party; Jerome I Levinson, subcom staff member, says Exxon informed State Dept official, understood to be Amb Graham Martin, of payments in '72; payments earmarked to various parties detailed; Monroe por (M)
Defense Dept, in secret rept, concludes that USN underestimated by approximately $1.6-billion long-term cost of program to mfr low-cost F-18 fighter; suggests 2 'viable' alternatives, namely: to raise projected USN budget over next 5 yrs to accommodate increased cost of F-18 fighter program, or to scrap F-18 program and settle for design of new low-cost fighter to fit within original budget; says USN would be permitted to purchase 72 F-4 fighters from McDonnell Douglas to meet fleet modernization requirements if low-cost fighter program is canceled while design of plane cheaper than F-18 is undertaken; backs Navy officers, who prefer F-14 over F-18, noting estimates that 500 additional F-14s could be purchased for approximately same $6-billion required to produce same number of F-18s; notes, however, that operating costs of F-18 squadron would be $150-million less per yr than for F-14; budgetary issues surrounding development of low-cost fighter discussed (L)
illus of Sadat with Saudi King Khalid in Cairo
Spacecraft maneuver into new orbits in preparation for docking; Soviet cosmonauts repair TV camera and Apollo astronauts repair balky docking probe; Soyuz is circling earth in almost circular orbit with 140-mi apogee and Apollo with orbit of 143-mi apogee and 108-mi perigee; diagram of Apollo and Soyuz docked in earth robit (L)