August 5, 1981

Rates charged for many telephone services are being increased dramatically as a result of major changes occurring in the telephone industry. In the last three months, large corporate users of phone lines have been hit by a series of rate increases totaling 40 percent or more, and there are indications that consumers may soon be seeing similar increases. In Texas the Southwestern Bell Telephone Company, which won a statewide rate increase in February, has requested another one that would double the minimum monthly charge for phone service in some cities. The New York Telephone Company wants to nearly double the charge for installing a phone to $108.10 and to raise pay phone rates to 25 cents. ''There really has been in the last 12 months a greater disruption in telephone rates than in the entire history of the industry,'' said Steven G. Chrust, a telephone industry analyst with Sanford C. Bernstein & Company.

The Federal Communications Commission granted CBS Inc. special permission today to purchase a cable television system to experiment in the cable field. The ruling made CBS the first of the three major networks to gain a toehold in the new and growing medium. Moreover, commission members indicated in impromptu remarks during their meeting today that they favored reconsidering a 10-year-old ban on network ownership of cable systems. The CBS request, made last December, is the only one that has been filed so far by the three networks for entry into the cable field. The commissioners indicated today that, with the rapid growth of cable networks in recent years, the original reason to keep the networks out of this field might no longer apply. In cable's early days, it was feared that the networks would attempt to gain control of cable and prevent it from competing effectively with broadcasting.

Vaslav Nijinsky, the great Russian dancer who was driven from the stage by madness in 1917 at the peak of his fame, recorded his thoughts and ravings in the next two years in a diary that he signed ''God Nijinsky.'' Although the diary was published in 1946 while Nijinsky was still alive, and the original handwritten volumes were sold at auction in 1979 for more than $100,000, a long-suppressed preface by the psychoanalyst Alfred Adler has now been printed for the first time, in The Archives of General Psychiatry. The preface is the only published first-hand professional opinion of Nijinsky, whose mental illness led to consultations with all the foremost experts of his day, including Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. Its publication was prevented by Nijinsky's wife, Romola, who is said to have found its clinical observations distasteful, objecting in particular to Adler's belief that Nijinsky's schizophrenia was rooted in a pathological sense of inferiority. She replaced the preface with one of her own, which glorified her husband.

The Pabst Brewing Company yesterday entered the competition to buy the troubled Jos. Schlitz Brewing Company, which last week accepted a lower offer from the G. Heileman Brewing Company. A Pabst-Schlitz union would enhance Pabst's position as the nation's third-largest brewer, with about 17 percent of the United States beer market, up from 8.4 percent. The proposal made by Pabst, based in Milwaukee, is valued at $588 million, through a combination of $200 million in cash and $388 million in debentures, equal to $20 a share. The debentures, bearing interest of 15.5 percent, would be convertible into Pabst common stock at $27 a share.

WHEN the women's softball team of the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation beat its bitter rival, the Green Jeans from the Sperry & Hutchinson Company, 10 to 4 last week, there was much joy on the I.T.T. side of the sandlot. The players shrieked, and hugged and kissed one another. The center fielder threw her glove into the air. Several infielders did a victory jig. Then the chant went up: ''I.T.T.!'' ''I.T.T.!'' ''I.T.T.!'' On the Green Jeans' side of Central Park softball diamond No. 3, Fred Santitoro, the coach, tried to cheer up his depressed players, who were wearing the snappy green and white uniforms that their company bought them last year after they beat I.T.T. for the women's league championship. ''Don't worry,' he said soothingly. ''We'll still meet 'em in the playoffs, and we'll get 'em then.'' Anyone who thinks that corporations are stuffy and impersonal has obviously never seen any of the city's corporate softball teams go at each other. The teams play an average of once a week during the summer months, mainly in Central Park and on Randalls Island.