The Nation: Free Lunch; Feeding the New Work Ethic
Stock options, which used to be given only to top executives, are now handed out to about 50 percent of midlevel professionals at major companies; surveys show at least 1 in 10 of companies offer them to most of their employees; one reason options are doled out so freely is that, because of favorable accounting rules, they do not show up as charge against company's earnings; because they only pay off if stock rises, companies think of them as risk-free investments; when combined with surging stock market, options have created unexpected wealth, on paper and in real dollars, for legions of employees; photo; graph (M)