FIGHT OVER ORGANS SHIFTS TO STATES FROM WASHINGTON
Battle over nation's scarcest medical resource, human organs, has moved from Washington to states, where number of legislatures have begun passing laws that would bar donated hearts, lungs, kidneys, livers and pancreases from being shipped beyond their borders to sick people elsewhere in country; states that have adopted such laws are Wisconsin, Louisiana, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Florida; laws are intended to thwart Clinton Administration's effort to force organ recovery networks and transplant centers around nation to share their precious organs more liberally; over 61,000 Americans are waiting for organ transplants, but only about 20,000 transplants are performed each year because demand for organs far outweighs supply; Institute of Medicine, arm of National Academy of Sciences, will begin examining organ allocation system; review is being conducted at request of Congress; map; graphs (M)