Political Stalemate Continues Over Banking Bill
US Senate Republicans and senior officials of Clinton Administration fail to agree on legislation to overhaul nation's financial system; White House spokesman Joe Lockhart says Administration is satisified with law's provisions on consumer privacy; consumer and privacy groups say measure will do little to protect customers from having their confidential information disclosed; strong disagreements remain between Sen Phil Gramm, who heads Senate Banking Committee, and Pres Clinton over measure's treatment of Community Reinvestment Act, 1977 law aimed at eradicating discrimination in lending; Community Reinvestment Act issues in dispute outlined (M)