November 16, 1938

1938Ahmed Bouanani, Moroccan filmmaker (died 2011)^[†]

Ahmed Bouanani was a Moroccan film director, poet and novelist. He was one of the most influential filmmakers in Morocco and is considered to be one of the country's pioneers. His film The Mirage is often considered to be one of the greatest achievements in Moroccan film history, being selected as one of the 100 best and most important films in North Africa and the Middle East by the 10th Dubai International Film Festival in 2013.

1938Kang Ning-hsiang, Taiwanese politician^[†]

Kang Ning-hsiang is a Taiwanese politician. He was active in the Tangwai movement, and began his political career as a supporter of Huang Hsin-chieh. Kang served in the Taipei City Council from 1969 to 1972, when he was first elected to the Legislative Yuan, on which he served three consecutive terms, until 1984. He lost reelection in 1983, and won a fourth term in 1986. Kang was subsequently elected to the National Assembly, but left the office to accept an appointment to the Control Yuan, a position he held until 2002. He was then successively appointed an administrative deputy minister of national defense, as secretary-general of the National Security Council, and adviser to president Chen Shui-bian. Kang is a founding member of the Democratic Progressive Party, though his party membership was suspended during his tenure on the Control Yuan.

1938Walter Learning, Canadian actor (died 2020)^[†]

Walter John Learning was a Canadian theatre director, actor, and founder of Theatre New Brunswick.

1938Robert Nozick, American philosopher, author, and academic (died 2002)^[†]

Robert Nozick was an American philosopher. He held the Joseph Pellegrino University Professorship at Harvard University, and was president of the American Philosophical Association. He is best known for his book Anarchy, State, and Utopia (1974), a libertarian answer to John Rawls' A Theory of Justice (1971), in which Nozick proposes his minimal state as the only justifiable form of government. His later work Philosophical Explanations (1981) advanced notable epistemological claims, namely his counterfactual theory of knowledge. It won Phi Beta Kappa society's Ralph Waldo Emerson Award the following year.